{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-89791", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2026-09-11T19:38:34.766Z", "datePublished": "2026-09-16T08:48:27.020Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T14:38:40.190Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-09-16T14:38:40.190Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nperf: Fix use-after-free when perf mmap() revival races with the last munmap()\n\nperf_mmap_close() drops rb->mmap_count *without* holding\nevent->mmap_mutex (the refcount_dec_and_test() right before the\nrefcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() of event->mmap_count). A concurrent\nperf_mmap_rb() can slot its entire \"revival\" path into that window\n(perf_mmap holds event->mmap_mutex for its whole duration, including\nrb_alloc):\n\n munmap side (perf_mmap_close) mmap side (perf_mmap_rb)\n ----------------------------------- --------------------------------\n rb->mmap_count 1 -> 0 (no lock) (holds event->mmap_mutex)\n inc_not_zero(rb->mmap_count) fails\n ring_buffer_attach(event, NULL)\n rb_alloc() + attach new rb\n refcount_set(&event->mmap_count, 1)\n lock; event->mmap_count 1 -> 0\n ring_buffer_attach(event, NULL)\n ring_buffer_put() -> frees the *new* rb\n\nThe revival's refcount_set(&event->mmap_count, 1) is an invisible\n1 -> 1 write: the close frees the just-revived buffer although the\nother process still has it mapped -- a page-level use-after-free\nallowing local privilege escalation to root by any unprivileged user\n(default kernel.perf_event_paranoid=2).\n\nSwap the order of the two counter updates: event->mmap_count is\ndropped first via refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock(), so its 1 -> 0\ntransition and the ring_buffer_attach() stay serialized with\nperf_mmap(). rb->mmap_count == 0 then implies every event using the\nbuffer is detached already, so the result of the rb->mmap_count drop\ncan gate the remaining teardown directly and detach_rest is no longer\nneeded.\n\nAn earlier fix for this race from Kyle Zeng and David Lee takes\nevent->mmap_mutex around both counter updates [0]; here the not-last\nclose stays lockless."}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}, "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "AV:L - The UAF is reached only via local syscalls: perf_event_open(2) then mmap(2)/munmap(2) on the resulting perf fd (perf_fops.mmap \u2192 perf_mmap \u2192 perf_mmap_rb racing perf_mmap_close). There is no network, adjacent-radio, or physical path into the ring-buffer revival race.\nAC:L - The attacker drives both sides from threads or processes sharing the fd: one munmap() runs perf_mmap_close() while a concurrent mmap() holds event->mmap_mutex through rb_alloc() and map_range(). That is an attacker-controlled, freely retryable race, not an uninfluenced layout or victim-state condition.\nPR:L - Default kernel.perf_event_paranoid=2 still allows an unprivileged per-task software event with exclude_kernel set; perf_mmap() only calls the optional LSM security_perf_event_read hook and does not require CAP_PERFMON or CAP_SYS_ADMIN. The fix notes local privilege escalation by any unprivileged user.\nUI:N - The attacker opens the event and races mmap/munmap on that fd in their own process or a helper that inherited the fd. No victim action such as mounting a filesystem or opening a file is required.\nS:U - Impact is host-kernel page use-after-free of the perf ring buffer, i.e. standard local privilege escalation in the same OS security authority. It is not a KVM/Xen guest-to-host escape or IOMMU/DMA boundary bypass.\nC:H - perf_mmap_close() frees the revived ring-buffer pages (rb_free) while the concurrent mmap's VM_PFNMAP VMA still maps those PFNs. That page-level UAF lets the attacker reclaim the pages and read arbitrary kernel memory through the still-valid mapping.\nI:H - The same still-mapped PFNs remain writable on the user control page (perf_mmap_pfn_mkwrite), so reclaim/spray of the freed pages yields a kernel write primitive. The fix commit describes this as local privilege escalation to root, matching UAF integrity High.\nA:H - Use-after-free of the ring buffer while it remains mapped causes kernel oops or panic on reuse, and the reporters documented a panic reproducer. Any kernel UAF is availability High even without a completed privilege-escalation exploit."}]}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/events/core.c"], "versions": [{"version": "59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75", "lessThan": "929cb3b9dc818dd9fa89d510d4ff2b255e42badd", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75", "lessThan": "0c739f54f1c77f3a4643160cd2e031b6c2f2aab6", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75", "lessThan": "58a8108bc73de0740d5b88150465d6690ea5f85f", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/events/core.c"], "versions": [{"version": "6.18", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "6.18", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.18.52", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.2.5", "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "7.3-rc2", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.52"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.18", "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.5"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "6.18", "versionEndExcluding": "7.3-rc2"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/929cb3b9dc818dd9fa89d510d4ff2b255e42badd"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c739f54f1c77f3a4643160cd2e031b6c2f2aab6"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58a8108bc73de0740d5b88150465d6690ea5f85f"}], "title": "perf: Fix use-after-free when perf mmap() revival races with the last munmap()", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"affected": [{"affectedData": [{"defaultStatus": "unaffected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["kernel/events/core.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"lessThan": "929cb3b9dc818dd9fa89d510d4ff2b255e42badd", "status": "affected", "version": "59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "0c739f54f1c77f3a4643160cd2e031b6c2f2aab6", "status": "affected", "version": "59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75", "versionType": "git"}, {"lessThan": "58a8108bc73de0740d5b88150465d6690ea5f85f", "status": "affected", "version": "59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"defaultStatus": "affected", "product": "Linux", "programFiles": ["kernel/events/core.c"], "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "vendor": "Linux", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "6.18"}, {"lessThan": "6.18", "status": "unaffected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "6.18.52", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.2.5", "versionType": "semver"}, {"lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "version": "7.3-rc2", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nperf: Fix use-after-free when perf mmap() revival races with the last munmap()\n\nperf_mmap_close() drops rb->mmap_count *without* holding\nevent->mmap_mutex (the refcount_dec_and_test() right before the\nrefcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() of event->mmap_count). A concurrent\nperf_mmap_rb() can slot its entire \"revival\" path into that window\n(perf_mmap holds event->mmap_mutex for its whole duration, including\nrb_alloc):\n\n munmap side (perf_mmap_close) mmap side (perf_mmap_rb)\n ----------------------------------- --------------------------------\n rb->mmap_count 1 -> 0 (no lock) (holds event->mmap_mutex)\n inc_not_zero(rb->mmap_count) fails\n ring_buffer_attach(event, NULL)\n rb_alloc() + attach new rb\n refcount_set(&event->mmap_count, 1)\n lock; event->mmap_count 1 -> 0\n ring_buffer_attach(event, NULL)\n ring_buffer_put() -> frees the *new* rb\n\nThe revival's refcount_set(&event->mmap_count, 1) is an invisible\n1 -> 1 write: the close frees the just-revived buffer although the\nother process still has it mapped -- a page-level use-after-free\nallowing local privilege escalation to root by any unprivileged user\n(default kernel.perf_event_paranoid=2).\n\nSwap the order of the two counter updates: event->mmap_count is\ndropped first via refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock(), so its 1 -> 0\ntransition and the ring_buffer_attach() stay serialized with\nperf_mmap(). rb->mmap_count == 0 then implies every event using the\nbuffer is detached already, so the result of the rb->mmap_count drop\ncan gate the remaining teardown directly and detach_rest is no longer\nneeded.\n\nAn earlier fix for this race from Kyle Zeng and David Lee takes\nevent->mmap_mutex around both counter updates [0]; here the not-last\nclose stays lockless."}], "id": "CVE-2026-89791", "lastModified": "2026-09-16T15:18:09.253", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-09-16T09:17:09.930", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c739f54f1c77f3a4643160cd2e031b6c2f2aab6"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58a8108bc73de0740d5b88150465d6690ea5f85f"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/929cb3b9dc818dd9fa89d510d4ff2b255e42badd"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Received"}

{}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75,929cb3b9dc818dd9fa89d510d4ff2b255e42badd)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75,0c739f54f1c77f3a4643160cd2e031b6c2f2aab6)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "code_commit", "value": "[59741451b49ce9964a9758c19d6f7df2a1255c75,58a8108bc73de0740d5b88150465d6690ea5f85f)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "6.18"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[0,6.18)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[6.18.52,6.19.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[7.2.5,7.3.0)"}}, {"platform": null, "status": "unaffected", "versions": {"scheme": "generic", "value": "[7.3-rc2,*]"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 99.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 99.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Linux", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Linux"}, "product": "linux_kernel", "vendor": "linux"}], "created": "2026-09-16T15:00:07.689142+00:00", "updated": "2026-09-16T17:00:08.275385+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"], "weaknesses": ["CWE-416", "CWE-362"]}